![]() The map details included topographical relief and location of watering holes crucial to long crossings. The Sahara and the Sahel entered the geographic corpus by way of naturalist explorers because aridity is the feature that circumscribes the boundaries of the ecumene. Gradually, a map began to fill in the white blotch. They documented the names of the stopping places they discovered or rediscovered, described landscapes, took a few climate measurements and gathered rock samples. Nineteenth century European explorers, attracted by the accounts of Ancient geographers or Arab geographers of the classical period, followed the routes by the nomadic people of the vast "empty" space. The distinction between North Africa, the Sahel and the rest of the continent is as follows: This process of Arabization and Islamization has defined the cultural landscape of North Africa ever since. These peoples formed a single population in many areas, as Berbers and Egyptians merged into Arabic and Muslim culture. 600s and 1000s, Arabs from the Middle East swept across the region in a wave of Muslim conquest. Northwest Africa has been inhabited by Berbers since the beginning of recorded history, while the eastern part of North Africa has been home to the Egyptians. The countries of North Africa share a large amount of ethnic, cultural and linguistic identity with the Middle East. North Africa includes the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla, and plazas de soberanĂa and can also be considered to include other Spanish, Portuguese and Italian regions such as Canary Islands, Madeira, Lampedusa and Lampione. When used in the term Middle East and North Africa ( MENA), it often refers only to the countries of the Maghreb. The African Union definition includes the Western Sahara and Mauritania but not Sudan. The United Nations definition includes Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, and the Western Sahara, the territory disputed between Morocco and the Sahrawi Republic. Varying sources limit it to the countries of Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia, a region that was known by the French during colonial times as " Afrique du Nord" and is known by Arabs as the Maghreb ("West", The western part of Arab World). There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Mauritania in the west, to Egypt's Suez Canal. North Africa or Northern Africa is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent.
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